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Ha kissé megkésve is, de jelen tanulmánnyal a Tiszántúli Egyházkerület leghosszabb ideig, majd’ három évtizeden át hivatalban levő püspökének, Zoványi P. Györgynek kívánunk emléket állítani. Sajnálatos módon halálának 2008- ban elkövetkezett kettőszázötvenedik évfordulója sem jelentett elegendő ösztönzést arra nézve, hogy méltó módon emlékezzünk meg a superintendensi hivatalt igen nehéz időben viselő, egyházát lehetőségeihez képest buzgón védelmező Zoványiról. Bár eddigi ismereteink szerint élettörténetét meglehetős részletességel örökítette meg egyik leszármazottja, a közelmúltban végzett kutatásaink alapján arra a következtetésre jutottunk, hogy az eddig tényként kezelt adatokat igencsak újra kell értékelnünk.

Versuch zur Formulierung der Einheitslehre der Drei-Einigkeit in unserer heutigen Sprache und mit unseren heutigen Begriffen. Nach meiner Erfahrung ist die Frage der Dreieinigkeit kein Problem bei den glaubenden Christen. Sie stehen mit Gott in persönlicher Verbindung und diese Beziehung wird von keiner theologischen Theorie gestört. Aber wir müssen es zur Kenntnis nehmen, dass unsere Gläubigen, vorwiegend ein großer Teil unserer Intelligenz, zwar ernst, aber von weitem sich Gott nähert. Sie erwarten von uns, über Gott sprechenden Fachleuten eine klare, allgemeinverständliche Antwort auf ihre Frage, wer das eigentlich ist, zu dem sie sich instinktiv hingezogen fühlen. Dazu taugen schon unsere tausendsiebenhundert jährigen Begriffe nicht. Nicht die Tatsache der Heiligen Drei-Einigkeit ist untauglich, sondern die Begriffe für ihre Erklärung. László Varga, dessen Schriften immer zur Diskussion veranlassen, geht von dieser Erkenntnis aus um die Einheitslehre in unserer heutigen Sprache und mit unseren heutigen Begriffen zu formulieren.

The Oldest Pastor Lists in the Szilágy Deanery. The collection of data regarding the service of the reformed ministers in the congregations from Szilágyság began in the end of the 19th century, but the investigation had still many objects. There are so many sources that nobody had studied till yet. The names of the priests from the church district of Szilágy were noticed at about the year 1620 in a contemporary register. Unfortunately this wasn’t kept but it was copied in the 17th century to two other registers. Regarding these roots we tried to reconstruct the original list that counts the names and data of the 140 priests. The list was continually completed with the data of the ministers serving in the district. The earlier list, formed in 1656, contains 280 names, the other that was lead from the year 1680 contains 462 names. Comparing the common part of these, we observed that data are differing in many cases. After all these we got across to make a list that contains the names and data of 478 priests, from the beginning of the 17th century until 1827.

The Origin of Sin. The origin of sin is a universally commonly discussed problem of theology. It can be clarified only from the original texts of the Bible. There we find a clear answer by its diverse teachers: Sin originates from bodily desires. In our terminology, bodily desires are the biological instincts. In the animal world instincts are specifically restricted. They are only active in necessary times and conditions; they assurae the harmony of nature. Man’s instincts are free; they are always active and biologically unrestricted. The millionaire works for more money, women are able and ready to copulate even while being pregnant, the lust for power is limitless, and even world domination can not fulfil it. Remaining uncontrolled, instincts can destroy all human societies. They must be controlled morally. Man is personally responsible to keep them under God-given moral control. That is the dignity and tragedy of being human. Instincts are biological forces, morally neutral, but by nature self-centered. Godgiven morals are always altruistic. Under the guidance of strong morals, instinct is the force that brings good economy into reality, secures family life, a well trained society. When instinct escapes from under the control of morals, it is a guideless, selfcentered, always active force, which is able to destroy every social human activity, even personal life. Human morals are always questionable. My rules are as valuable as anyone else’s. Only God-given morals can be unquestionable. That is the meaning of the tree of the knowledge of good and evil: Man is free to do as he wishes, but moral laws are not under man’s will. To do what moral say is the personal and social responsibility of man. So there is a permanent battle between the moral convictions and the urgings of the instincts striving to get from under it. Consequently sin is the act of self-centered instincts getting out from under the guidance of the God-given moral rules.