Journal index

Jelen tanulmány célja az, hogy Kálvin levelezéséből és kisebb, eddig még magyarra le nem fordított írásaiból vett adatokkal illusztrálja, esetleg árnyalja az Institutióban kifejtett elméleti államtanát és társadalomfelfogását, különösképpen az után, hogy strasbourgi száműzetéséből visszatért, és Genf, illetve a környék egyházi és társadalmi életének megszervezésre felszólították. Idői behatárolásunk tehát a század harmincas éveinek végétől számított tíz esztendő. Célunk, továbbá, megvizsgálni elméletének lecsapódását és működését a korabeli genfi társadalom különböző szintjein, illetve megragadni azon próbálkozásának egy-két részletét, hogy az egyház visszanyerje társadalmi szerepét és súlyát. Ez annyira érinti a helyi hatalom kérdéskörét, hogy sok esetben a magisztrátus kezéből kellett visszavennie azon szolgálatokat, amelyek, jellegüknél, rendelésüknél és rendeltetésüknél fogva, az egyházat és a lelkészeket illették meg.

The Autobiography of Gyula Mihaly Szigethy. The „peregrinatio academica” is a well documented topic of the transylvanian cultural history from the 17–18th century. Szigethi Gyula Mihály (1758–1837) was one of the thousands of young people, who choosed to travel thousands of miles in order to continue their studies in western-European universities. After finishing the college of Marosvásárhely (Tg. Mures) –one of the best transylvanian calvinist schools of his time –, thanks to the financial support of count Joseph Teleki, he attended the universities of Marburg, Göttingen, Stuttgart and Viena in the period between 1786–1790. Returning home he choosed not to become a priest as it would be a custom in those times, earninig his living for a few years as a privateprofessor in the courts of local nobils. In 1797 ha was ellected professor of the college from Udvarhely (Odorheiul Secuiesc), where he made a carrier, retiring in 1823. In this time he published among others articles about the history of the town and the college of Udvarhely. Although his journal written between 1786–1790 no longer exists, his autobiography –published in our article– written in 1833 contains important datas about the transylvanian educational system from the late 18th and the beginning of the 19th century.

Laymen Institution in the Hungarian Reformed Church District of Transylvania. It has been disputed for the last few decades the possible presence and task of the laymen in the church government of the 16–18. Centuries Hungarian Reformed Church life in Transylvania. Arguments have been brought up to prove that as soon as the 16th century the West-European type Presbyterium has already started to gain terrain in the church. The study tries to come up with arguments to prove that the democratic church government according to which the Swiss, English, German, Dutch reformed churches had been doing the government in the 16–17 centuries was not present only in the synods’ records and has not became reality in the Transylvanian church life. Peter Melius bishop of Debrecen was the one, who has found out, that the Presbiterial institution did not fit to the structure of Transylvanian and Hungarian society, consequently he put up the new adapted structure of the local churches as well, as that of the deaneries.