Journal index

Amikor a 20. század elején a teológiai gondolkodásban újra felmerül a történeti módszertan problematikája és az a kérdés, hogy milyen horderő tulajdonítható a kritériumrendszernek és annak a módszertannak, amelyek a bibliai szövegek elemzését hivatottak végezni, Rudolf Bultmann teológiája és kérdésfeltevésének módja kifejezett élességgel fogalmazza meg az előzetes megértés kérdéskörét. Teológiájának elemzése azzal a problémával szembesít, amely mára már közhelyszerűvé vált: a teológia és az általa alkalmazott konszenzuson alapuló metodológia olyan előfeltevésekkel terhelt, amelyek befolyásolják a Szentírásból nyerhető képet. Bultmann úgy képes hatályon kívül helyezni saját előfeltevéseit, hogy mindaz, amit meg lehetne fogalmazni, visszahúzódik a döntés pillanatában. Így az üzenet, és ezzel együtt mindaz, ami Istenről elmondható, kimondhatatlanná válik — a cselekvés megvalósítására irányuló puszta felszólítássá. Ez a cselekvés egyszerre a hit, a döntés és a szeretet tette. De van-e tartalma ennek a cselekvésnek? Van-e mintája?

Evangelisation through reformed eyes. This study was presented at a small conference of reformed and catholic theologians. The presentation of evangelisation through a reformed prism is underlined by thoughts of great reformed predecessors. There are five points, all presenting a different aspect of this question. The first treats the fashion of evangelisation. Because of the fact that evangelisation, as a term is not firmly identified, using different slogans and dealing with evangelisation as a fashion could be dangerous. This is why a good definition with the approval of all Christian churches is needed. Another important thought of this first point is the fact, that evangelisation is not new, by no means a fashion, it is only the submission to an ancient, biblical command of the great mission. The second point presents the biblical roots of evangelisation through the New Testament, with the conclusion, that evangelisation has to be done within and outside the church, and that preaching itself is in fact evangelisation. The third point explains the slightly synonymous terms of evangelisation, mission and church building by using the works of Sándor Tavaszy, Sándor Makkai and Lajos Imre, with special attention to the differences concerning evangelisation being mission outside or within the church. The fourth point discusses evangelisation viewed as mission. In the first sub point evangelisation is viewed as inner-mission, without which a living congregation and blooming church-life is unthinkable. The second sub point presents evangelisation as outermission, underlining, that these two do not depend on each other, but have to be done together at the same time. The fifth and last point is on classic evangelisation. Here it is said, that the base and background of all evangelisation movements is and has to be the Holy Spirit. It is this point of the study that summarizes the basic and essential parts of the evangelising preaching. The study ends by the final conclusion, that evangelisation can only be done by the church.

The Autobiography of Gyula Mihaly Szigethy. The „peregrinatio academica” is a well documented topic of the transylvanian cultural history from the 17–18th century. Szigethi Gyula Mihály (1758–1837) was one of the thousands of young people, who choosed to travel thousands of miles in order to continue their studies in western-European universities. After finishing the college of Marosvásárhely (Tg. Mures) –one of the best transylvanian calvinist schools of his time –, thanks to the financial support of count Joseph Teleki, he attended the universities of Marburg, Göttingen, Stuttgart and Viena in the period between 1786–1790. Returning home he choosed not to become a priest as it would be a custom in those times, earninig his living for a few years as a privateprofessor in the courts of local nobils. In 1797 ha was ellected professor of the college from Udvarhely (Odorheiul Secuiesc), where he made a carrier, retiring in 1823. In this time he published among others articles about the history of the town and the college of Udvarhely. Although his journal written between 1786–1790 no longer exists, his autobiography –published in our article– written in 1833 contains important datas about the transylvanian educational system from the late 18th and the beginning of the 19th century.