Journal index

Ez a tanulmány a jeles református püspök és teológus, Makkai Sándor vallásfelfogásának néhány aspektusát igyekszik körüljárni. A két fő dimenzió: a valláslélektani és a vallásfenomenológiai. Makkai úgy véli, hogy a valláslélektan mindenekelőtt a vallás keletkezésének titkát igyekszik felfedni. Ha sikerül választ találni erre a kérdésre, akkor ezáltal megtaláljuk a valláspszichológia lényegét. A filozófia, a szociológia, a természettudomány, a néplélektan és az empirikus lélektan mind-mind magáénak érzi, hogy a valláslélektan problémáival és annak jelzett kulcskérdésével foglalkozzék.

The Autobiography of Gyula Mihaly Szigethy. The „peregrinatio academica” is a well documented topic of the transylvanian cultural history from the 17–18th century. Szigethi Gyula Mihály (1758–1837) was one of the thousands of young people, who choosed to travel thousands of miles in order to continue their studies in western-European universities. After finishing the college of Marosvásárhely (Tg. Mures) –one of the best transylvanian calvinist schools of his time –, thanks to the financial support of count Joseph Teleki, he attended the universities of Marburg, Göttingen, Stuttgart and Viena in the period between 1786–1790. Returning home he choosed not to become a priest as it would be a custom in those times, earninig his living for a few years as a privateprofessor in the courts of local nobils. In 1797 ha was ellected professor of the college from Udvarhely (Odorheiul Secuiesc), where he made a carrier, retiring in 1823. In this time he published among others articles about the history of the town and the college of Udvarhely. Although his journal written between 1786–1790 no longer exists, his autobiography –published in our article– written in 1833 contains important datas about the transylvanian educational system from the late 18th and the beginning of the 19th century.

On Sámuel Köteles’ Ethical Conception and the Criticism of Kantian Ethics. The present study is a short presentation of Sámuel Köteles’ ethics, in the mirror of Transylvanian and German Enlightenment. The study proves the existence of some basic similarities between the philosophical-ethical conceptions of Kant and Fichte and on the other hand the works of the above mentioned leader of 19.th century Transylvanian culture. I considered also important to achieve a critical overview of the entire kantian ethical construction using among others Max Scheler’s points of view, the one that proves some deficient theses of Kant’s transcendental conception. Finally my presentation focuses on the great importance of Köteles’ works and the conjunction of events that made him the most excellent propagator of the kantian philosophy in Hungarian.